A micrograph also known as photomicrograph or microphotograph is a photograph or related representation taken by means of a microscope or comparable tool to demonstrate a magnified image of an item. Canadian inventor Reginald Aubrey Fessenden has been given recognition with devising microphotography. In order to generate a micrograph, a camera can be attached to a microscope either in place of the eyepiece. A specialized microscope can also be used. It has a camera and eyepiece arrangement. A ready specimen is placed under the microscope in the common way and photographs taken. On the other hand, the image can be scanned and stored electronically and put on view on a screen or printed. In biology, a specimen is an individual animal, plant or microorganism used as a representative in studying the properties of the whole population of that species. In forensic handwriting analysis, handwriting recognition and signature verification, the term sample refers to a handwriting specimen. In a medical laboratory, most frequently blood or urine, a specimen is a sample taken from a patient. Microscope photo using various microscopes are named according to the kind of the microscope being used in taking the pictures. A microscope photo prepared using an electron microscope is known as electron micrograph.

A microscope photo prepared using a light microscope is known as light micrograph. An electron microscope uses a focused beam of electrons to acquire higher magnification than is possible on a typical light microscope. The increase in magnification is possible. The wavelength of a high-speed electron is lower than that of visible light and higher resolution can be obtained. Optics must be employed to reach this magnification, just like the light microscope. Physics give details how a magnetic field will twist the path of an electron, so electromagnets are used to focus the beam. Improved lenses can be done out of glass than out of magnetic fields so there are still experiments in perfecting the optics of an electron microscope. A scanning electron microscope is comparable to a light microscope being used in reflection. The main difference is that instead of imaging the complete specimen at once, the electron beam is scanned backward and forward over the specimen, imaging only one point at a time. The relations of the electrons with the surface are registered and from the data an image can be created. An optical microscope makes use of lenses to bend light magnifying an image.

The majority of light microscopes can operate in either transmission or reflection. Microscope also has horizontal and vertical controls that are precise on the order of a micron and two incident light sources, halogen and mercury lamps. The mercury lamp can be used for UV fluorescent microscopy. Banks convey so-called specimen banknotes or specimens to other banks before issuing a new banknote. In order to avoid its use as a legal tender note the banknote is punctured or perforated, given a serial number of all zeroes or is overprinted with the word Specimen or Cancelled in any language. The key to adapting the digital microphotography is the T-adapter. This adapter uses the same bayonet mount as the camera, and has a female metric screw thread on the other end. A microscope with a trinocular port enables the camera to rest over the base for a stable hookup. One could also directly project an image from the eyepiece, or remove the eyepiece for a prime focus hookup. Photography through a microscope is virtually the same to that used with an astronomical telescope. All one needs is a means to attach the camera to the microscope.